Wellness Blog

Asthma, or bronchial asthma, is a chronic lung disease characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, which can lead to breathing difficulties. This condition affects individuals of all ages and can significantly disrupt daily life, potentially resulting in life-threatening asthma attacks. While asthma cannot be cured, symptoms can be effectively managed through various treatments and lifestyle adjustments.

Causes and triggers

1. Family history of asthma or allergies increases risk.
2. Multiple genes interact with environmental factors to affect susceptibility.
3. Common triggers include cold, weather changes, dust, smoke, pollen, animal fur, strong soaps, and perfumes.

Symptoms of Asthma

1. Wheezing with exhalation
2. Cough
3. Shortness of breath
4. Chest tightness, pain, or pressure

Seek Emergency Care if You Notice

1. Shortness of breath that is rapidly worsening
2. The inhaler (rescue medicine) doesn't help.

Complications of Asthma

The most severe complication of asthma is respiratory failure or arrest. This occurs when inflammation and airway obstruction become so severe that air cannot pass into the lungs, leading to life-threatening difficulty in breathing. Without emergency medical treatment, respiratory failure can result in death.

How to Diagnose Asthma

Asthma is diagnosed through a combination of:

1. Medical history and physical exam: A pulmonologist will ask about symptoms and family history and examine breathing. 
2. They may also use lung function tests, like spirometry. And other tests, like a chest X-ray or CT scan.
3. Also, check for allergies that trigger.

Treatment for Asthma:

Asthma treatment focuses on controlling symptoms and preventing attacks, as there is currently no definite cure for the condition. The plan typically involves a combination of medications and lifestyle adjustments tailored to the individual's needs.

1. Medications are used to prevent attacks, which can provide short-term relief during attacks and long-term prevention. Consult your doctor before use, and do not self-medicate.
2. Limiting exposure to substances that may trigger your symptoms, such as allergens, smoke, and pollution, is crucial for managing asthma.
3. Biologic therapies may be administered via injection to reduce inflammation and prevent severe asthma attacks if needed.

Prevention:

Some steps to prevent asthma attacks include:

1. Identify and avoid triggers 
2. Get flu and pneumonia vaccines
3. Take medication as prescribed
4. Always carry your inhaler.

Asthma is an ongoing illness that requires regular monitoring and treatment.